Tuesday 23 April 2024

Acropolis is an iconic ancient Greek monument


Acropolis is an iconic ancient Greek monument that was constructed in 5th Century BC, atop a rocky outcrop overlooking the city of Athens. Pericles, the influential Athenian statesman, initiated its construction during the Golden Age of Athens.

Parthenon, the most famous building on the Acropolis, was built under the supervision of the architects Ictinus and Callicrates, while the sculptor Phidias oversaw its decorative elements. Acropolis housed various temples dedicated to gods and goddesses, including Athena, the city’s patron deity. Acropolis comprises several notable structures, including the Erechtheion, dedicated to both Athena and Poseidon, and the Propylaea, an impressive gateway. Parthenon, a Doric temple dedicated to Athena Parthenos, is still a prime example of classical Greek architecture, adorned with intricate sculptures and friezes depicting mythological narratives.  

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Acropolis is an iconic ancient Greek monument

Monday 1 April 2024

Muzaffar Shams Balkhi (1320-1381)

Muzaffar Shams Balkhi was born to a family from Balkh in Afghanistan, the date of his birth is unknown but may have been in the decade of the 720s/1320s. After an education in Delhi, he joined his father in Bihar Sharif. His intellectual disposition led him to become a disciple of Sharaf al-Din Ahmad Maneri (d. 783/1381) instead of Ahmad Carmpush, his father's poetically inclined but less well-educated guide. Muzaffar was sent back to Delhi again for further studies, and then the Tughlukid Sultan Firuz Shah appointed him a lecturer in the royal madrasa.

After a conversion experience, he returned to Bihar, where Sharaf al-Din Maneri continued his spiritual formation. He reached the stage when he felt liberated from all worldly attachments, except his wife, but exclaimed to his guide that he would divorce her. Approving of the sentiment, but not of the idea, Sharaf al-Din announced that his training was complete.

Muzaffar Shams Balkhi was incapable of staying in one place. He journeyed far and wide, spending time in Mecca and eventually dying at Aden in 803/1400. He received more than 200 letters from his spiritual guide Sharaf al-Din, of which only 28 are extant. There is an extant, though unpublished collection of Muzaffar's letters (Khuda Bakhsh Library, Patna, Pers. no. 2619, and Acc. no. 1859/2 (181 letters in each ms.); a third ms. in the private library of Balkhi Sahib, Patna) and a small diwan (ed. Patna, 1959). His compendious commentary on Radi al-Din Sanghani's Masharik al-anwar has not come to light.

Although he was the chief successor to Sharaf al-Din Maneri, he is more remembered as an intellectual than as a spiritual guide. He was succeeded in this latter role by his nephew Husayn. 

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Thursday 8 February 2024

How to write the theta symbol in the MS Word (On Keyboard)


Method: 1 Alt Code

Θ (lowercase theta symbol) ALT + 952

Θ (Uppercase theta symbol) ALT + 233

 

Method: 2

Lowercase Theta Code: θ (03B8 and press ALT + X)

Uppercase theta Code: Θ (0398 and Press Alt + X)

 

Method: 3

Θ (Character Map)

 

Method: 4

Θ Character Code: 03B8

Θ Character Code: 0398


 

Monday 8 January 2024

olive-backed oriole (Oriolus sagittatus)

The most widely distributed of all Australasian orioles, the olive-backed oriole (Oriolus sagittatus), sometimes known as the white-bellied oriole, is a common medium-sized passerine bird found in northern and eastern Australia as well as south-central New Guinea. It is also quite noisy and noticeable. Olive-backed with little dark streaks, and with black lines running the length of its light chest, it is not a brilliant bird; females have cinnamon-edged wings, and both sexes have reddish beak and eyes. Source: CP